We focus on the Lanping black-boned sheep (LPBB) because it is the only mammal that resembles the Chinese silky fowl in the world. LPBB is characterized by black pigmentation in its plasma colorimetry and had its internal organs compared to the reddish color in Lanping normal sheep. Although the literature is abundant in genetic case studies, the processes of pigmentation remain obscure. We thus investigate the association between the PDGFRL gene polymorphism of LPBB and melanin deposition.

In this study, InDels loci of YAP and TAZ genes in two goat breeds were screened and identified, and the association between InDels loci of YAP and TAZ genes and growth traits was analyzed. The results showed that eight InDels loci were identified from goat YAP and TAZ genes. These InDels loci significantly affected growth traits such as chest width, body height, and body weight of goats. These findings can provide new molecular markers for goat molecular breeding.

The aim of this study is to assess the genetic diversity and structure of the Haflinger horse population in the Czech Republic based on 16 microsatellite loci. The results indicated a high level of diversity and the presence of greater admixture, and the identification of distinct genetic clusters suggested a significant gene flow. These findings imply that the population exhibits sufficient genetic variability and diversity.

It was suggested that the start codon targeted (SCoT) markers may be more effective than inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) for differentiating and identifying the genetic variations within investigated breeds. Also, the usage of molecular markers of SCoT and ISSR may be more proper for calculating genetic diversity and common ancestry among tested rabbit breeds.

Genetics of horn traits in sheep are still under investigation. Icelandic sheep were chosen to further characterize this complex trait using known variants as it is highly variable for horn characteristics. Only the published variant for multi-hornedness was in perfect segregation. The absence of horns was analyzed in multi-horned sheep. Only tendencies of association were found for hornlessness and for different horn shapes and sizes, confirming previous results in other breeds.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of TP53 in buffalo lactation. The data showed that buffalo TP53 inhibited the expression of genes related to milk protein and milk fat in buffalo mammary epithelial cells by inhibiting the PI3K–AKT–mTOR pathway. These results suggest that TP53 negatively regulates the synthesis of milk protein and milk fat in buffalo through the PI3K–AKT–mTOR pathway. This study provides new insights into the functional role of TP53 in buffalo lactation.

It was detected that Texel and myostatin-carrying BC₁ lambs were significantly higher than Pırlak and non-carrying BC₁ lambs in the MLD area at weaning. Myostatin-carrying BC₁ lambs had a superiority to Pırlak lambs in terms of muscle conformation and fatness of the hind leg. Myostatin-carrying BC₁ lambs were found to be better than Pırlak in growth performance. It was concluded that the Pırlak lambs may be improved by introgression of myostatin mutation.

Finding polymorphisms of genes can provide potential molecular genetic markers for sheep reproduction. This study investigated the polymorphisms of three major reproductive genes (BMPR1B, BMP15 and GDF9) in Chinese sheep and found that BMPR1B and GDF9 might be the major genes influencing the reproductive performance of Chinese sheep breeds. This result might contribute to improving the prolificacy traits of native Chinese sheep in the future.

In this study, GLUD1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analyzed in early-puberty goats and delayed-puberty goat breeds by sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The present study aimed to find genetic markers related to sexual precocity and high fertility in goats and to provide a scientific basis for marker-assisted early selection of reproductive performance.

The Kilis goat has emerged as a breed with a unique genetic profile that reflects its complex ancestry due to historical crossbreeding between the Damascus and Hair goat populations in Türkiye. The Kilis goat is well adapted to arid areas and is known for its high milk yield. Therefore, it holds great potential for milk production and genetic improvement programs in Türkiye. For this reason, some genes that affect milk yield were investigated.

With the rapid development of sequencing technology, it has been found that circRNAs play an important role in skeletal muscle development. During the growth and development of livestock, the growth and development of muscle fibers are closely related to the number, proliferation, and differentiation capacity of skeletal muscle satellite cells, thereby affecting meat quality. Notably, more and more studies now suggest that changes in circRNA expression may be associated with meat quality.

IPB-D2 chickens are one of the local Indonesian chickens that are being developed today. IPB-D2 chickens have disease-resistant traits. Selection is not only carried out conventionally but is also developed by molecular selection methods. By utilizing gene diversity in the major histocompatibility complex gene group, it was found that there were several single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the B Locus Beta 2 gene significantly associated with immunoglobulin Y concentrations in IPB-D2 chickens.