Álvarez-Rodríguez, J., Urrutia, O., Lobón, S., Ripoll, G., Bertolín, J. R., and Joy, M.: Insights into the role of major bioactive dietary nutrients in lamb meat quality: a review, J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol., 13, 20, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-021-00665-0, 2022. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        AOAC: Official methods of analysis, in: 15th Edn., Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, D.C., USA, 1990. 
                    
 
                 
                
                
                    
                        
                        Botsoglou, N. A., Fletouris, D. J., Papageorgiou, G. E., Vassilopoulos, V. N., Mantis, A. J., and Trakatellis, A. G. R.: Rapid, sensitive and specific Thiobarbituric acid method for measuring lipid peroxidation in animal tissue, food, and feedstuff samples, J. Agric. Food Chem., 42, 1931–1937, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00045a019, 1994. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Brand-Williams, W., Cuvelier, M. E., and Berset, C.: Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity, LWT – Food. Sci. Technol., 28, 25–30, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0023-6438(95)80008-5, 1995. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Carse, W. A. and Locker, R. H.: A survey of pH values at the surface of beef and lamb carcasses stored in a chiller, J. Sci. Food Agric., 25, 1529–1535, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740251214, 1974. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        EL-Mously, H., Midani, M., and Darwish, E. A.: Date Palm Byproducts for Natural Fodder and Silage. Date Palm Byproducts: A Springboard for Circular Bio Economy, Springer Nature, 235–249, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0475-4_9, 2023. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        FAO: Food and Agriculture Organization. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2016, Contributing to Food Security and Nutrition for All, FAO, Rome, p. 200, 
http://www.fao.org (last access: 17 October 2016), 2016. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Folch, J., Lees, M., and Stanley, G. H. S.: A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues, J. Biol. Chem., 226, 497–509, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)64849-5, 1957. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Galab, H. O. H., El-Sayaad, G., Soliman, A. S. M., El-Sayaed, H. M. A., and Hassan, T. M. M.: Effects of feeding discarded dates, palm leaves and its combination on growth performance, diet digestibilty , blood metabolites and profitability of Ossimi lambs, Anim. Biotechnol., 59, 153–160, https://doi.org/10.21608/assjm.2021.192152, 2021. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Ghnimi, S., Umer, S., Karim, A., and Kamal-Eldin, A.: Date fruit (
Phoenix dactylifera L.): An underutilized food seeking industrial valorization, NFS J., 6, 1–10, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nfs.2016.12.001, 2017. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Hassan, T. M. M.: Effect of feeding discarded dates, palm leaves and its combination on growth performance, diet digestibility, blood metabolites and profitability of Ossimi lambs, Ann. Agric. Sci., 59, 153–160, https://doi.org/10.21608/assjm.2021.192152, 2021. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Honda, S., Akao, E., Suzuki, S., Okuda, M., Kakehi, K., and Nakamura, J.: High-performance liquid chromatography of reducing carbohydrates as strongly ultraviolet-absorbing and electrochemically sensitive 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone derivatives, Anal. Biochem., 180, 351–357, https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(89)90444-2, 1989. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Karaca, S., Yılmaz, A., Kor, A., Bingöl, M., Cavidoğlu, İ., and Ser, G.: The effect of feeding system on slaughter – carcass characteristics, meat quality, and fatty acid composition of lambs, Arch. Anim. Breed., 59, 121–129, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-59-121-2016, 2016. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Khenfer, J., Shepherd, S., and Trendel, O.: Customer empowerment in the face of perceived Incompetence: Effect on preference for anthropomorphized brands, J. Business Res., 118, 1–11, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.06.010, 2020. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Li, D., Saldeen, T., and Mehta, J. L.: 
γ-Tocopherol decreases Ox-LDL-mediated activation of nuclear factor-
κB and apoptosis in human coronary artery endothelial cells, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 259, 157–161, https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1999.0716, 1999. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Li, Q., Xu, G., Yang, D., Tu, Y., Zhang, J., Ma, T., and Diao, Q.: Effects of feed ingredients with different protein-to-fat ratios on growth, slaughter performance and fat deposition of small-tail han lambs, Animals, 14, 859, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14060859, 2024. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Mène-Saffrané, L.: Vitamin E biosynthesis and its regulation in plants, Antioxidants, 7, 2, https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox7010002, 2018. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Miliauskas's, G., Venskutonis, P. R., and Van Beek, T. A.: Screening of radical scavenging activity of some medicinal and aromatic plants, Food Chem., 85, 231–237, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2003.05.007, 2004. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Mousa, K. M. and Zedan, K. I.: The use of date wastes as feed for Rahmani lambs, Egypt. J. Vet. Sci., 45, 445–455, https://doi.org/10.21608/ejap.2008.104558, 2008. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        NRC.: Nutrient requirments of sheep, 6th edn., National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., https://doi.org/10.17226/19307, 1985. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        O'Fallon, J. V., Busboom, J., Nelson, M., and Gaskins, C.: A direct method for fatty acid methyl ester synthesis: application to wet meat tissues, oils, and feedstuffs, J. Anim. Sci., 85, 1511–1521, https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2006-491, 2007. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Prache, S., Gattelier, P., Thomas, A., Picard, B., and Bauchard, D.: Comparison of meat and carcass quality in organically reared and conventionally reared pasture fed lambs, Animal, 5, 2001–2009, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731111001030, 2011. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Rabee, A. E., Younan, B. R., Kewan, K. Z., Sabra, E. A., and Lamara, M.: Modulation of rumen bacterial community and feed utulization in camel and sheep using combined supplementation of live yeast and microalgue, Sci. Rep., 12, 12990, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16988-5, 2022. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Ríos-Rincón, F. G., Estrada-Angulo, A., Plascencia, A., López-Soto, M. A., Castro-Pérez, B. I., Portillo-Loera, J. J., Robles-Estrada, J. C., Calderón-Cortes, J. F., and Dávila-Ramos, H.: Influence of protein and energy level in finishing diets for feedlot hair lambs: growth performance, dietary energetics and carcass characteristics, Asian-Austral. J. Anim. Sci., 27, 55–61, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2013.13307, 2014. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Ruedt, C., Gibis, M., and Weiss, J.: Meat color and iridescence: origin, analysis, and approaches to modulation, Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Safe., 22, 3366–3394, https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.13191, 2023. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Sabry, M., Nasser, M. E. A., Kamel, H. E. M., Abaza, M. A., and Soltan, Y. A.: Effect of replacing corn grains with date palm kernels on ruminal fermentation, feed degradability, and methane production under different initial in vitro pH conditions, Anim. Biotechnol., 33, 1268–1279, https://doi.org/10.1080/10495398.2021.1886941, 2021. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Rekis, A., Laiadi, Z., and Mehenni, M.: Morphological characteristics denomination of date palm studied cultivars, Alger, J. Arid Reg., 14, 131–140, 2020. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Riley, T., Petersen, K., and Kris-Etherton, P.: Chapter 9 – health aspects of high-oleic oils, High Oleic Oils, Dev. Propert. Uses, 201–243, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-822912-5.00002-2, 2022. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Senoussi, A., Schadt, I., Hioun, S., Chenchouni, H., Saoudi, Z. A., Hamama, O. A. Z., Zidoune, M. N., Caprino, S., and Rapisarda, T.: Botanical composition and aroma compounds of semi-arid pastures in Algeria, Grass Forage Sci., 76, 282–299, https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12510, 2020. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Ushida, K. and Jouany, J. P.: Effect of protozoa on rumen protein degradation in sheep, Reprod. Nutr. Dev., 25, 1075–1081, https://doi.org/10.1051/rnd:19850807, 1985. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B., and Lewis, B. A.: Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition, J. Dairy Sci., 74, 3583–3597, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2, 1991. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Xu, E., Chen, C., Fu, J., Zhu, L., Shu, J., Jin, M., Wang, Y., and Zong, X.: Dietary fatty acids in gut health: Absorption, metabolism and function, Anim. Nutr., 7, 1337–1344, hhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2021.09.010, 2021. 
                    
 
                 
                
                    
                        
                        Zong, G. Y., Li, A. J., Wander, M., Alssema, P. L., Zock, W. C., Willet, F. B., Hu, A., and Sun, Q.: Intake of individual saturated fatty acids and risk of coronary heart disease in US men and women: two prospective longitudinal cohort studies, Br. Med. J., 23, 355-i5796, https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i5796, 2016.