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Articles | Volume 64, issue 1
Articles | Volume 64, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-64-265-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-64-265-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 64, issue 1
Original study
 | 
16 Jun 2021
Original study |  | 16 Jun 2021

Improvement of the in vitro fertilization and embryo development using frozen–thawed spermatozoa of microminipigs

Zhao Namula, Yasuhiro Isumi, Yoko Sato, Quynh Anh Le, Qingyi Lin, Koki Takebayashi, Maki Hirata, Fuminori Tanihara, Chommanart Thongkittidilok, and Takeshige Otoi

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Latest update: 26 Oct 2025
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Short summary
This study aimed to compare the quality of frozen–thawed spermatozoa from microminipig boars. We also evaluated the effects of caffeine and heparin as well as the sperm–oocyte co-incubation length on the fertilization and embryonic development. We found that the presence of caffeine in the in vitro fertilization (IVF) medium and the appropriate length of sperm–oocyte co-incubation may have beneficial effects for improving IVF results when using microminipig spermatozoa with low quality.
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