Follicular atresia is a process that eliminates follicles and oocytes. MicroRNAs, including miR-383, play a vital role in regulating follicular atresia by affecting granular cell (GC) apoptosis and proliferation. In this study, RT-qPCR, western blot, luciferase reporter assay, and flow cytometry are used to detect the regulation of miR-383 in sheep GCs. The results show that miR-383 inhibits the proliferation and promotes GC apoptosis, and the mechanism of miR-383 affecting apoptosis is to target Bcl-2.

In the practical application of gonadotropins, it is important to consider the age of the gilts at first conception and to adjust the timing of administration to the body condition of the sows at weaning. This is done in order to achieve excellent breeding results.

In this study, short synchronization methods that do not contain estradiol before superstimulation in ovum pickup (OPU) applications were investigated. The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and dominant follicle removal (DFR) were used for follicular wave emergence. It was determined that DFR and hCG for follicular wave emergence increased oocyte yield and in vitro embryo production success in pre-superstimulation synchronization protocols.

Among 180 cows studied postpartum, F2 cows had the highest milk yield (183.9 L per week) and the highest serum glucose. F1 cows showed the best reproductive performance. Holstein-Friesian (HF) cows had the highest somatic cell count, indicating higher mastitis risk. Crossbreeding with Sahiwal improved milk production and reproductive health.

The cow's perineal muscle is connected to the rectum, vulva, and vagina. The author hypothesizes that changes in reproductive status affect perineal muscle tension, which will affect the anatomy of the coccygeus and levator ani muscles. The sonograms we obtained showed a significant increase in the coccygeus and levator ani muscles of pyometra cows compared to endometritis, nonpartum pregnant, pregnant, and postpartum pregnant cows.