The present study aimed at characterizing genetic diversity and relationship of 3 Niger cattle breeds (Zebu Arabe, Zebu Bororo and Kuri). High levels of allelic and gene diversity were observed while genetic differentiation was low. High genetic diversity and poor genetic structure might be due to historic zebu–taurine admixture and ongoing breeding practices in the region. The result of this study will help formulate effective strategies for conservation and improvement of Niger cattle breeds.

The long-horned Fulani zebu, spread all over the Sahel area, is one of the main cattle groups in Africa. Despite their importance, characterisation of these cattle is poorly developed. The current research illustrated a lack of differentiation among local populations of this cattle group at the body measurements level. Conservation or selection initiatives could be implemented at a cross-boundary level.

Body traits (16 body measurements and 18 qualitative traits) have been analysed in 183 adult sires belonging to nine West African cattle breeds via multifactorial methods to ascertain breeding preferences of African farmers. No clear patterns of homogenisation of the appearance of individuals within cattle breed could be assessed. Since no selection programmes exist and unsupervised matings are the rule, differentiation among African livestock breeds cannot be assessed in European terms.