Articles | Volume 59, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-59-97-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-59-97-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Original study
| 
17 Feb 2016
Original study |
| 17 Feb 2016
Effects of γ-aminobutyric acid on the tissue structure, antioxidant activity, cell apoptosis, and cytokine contents of bursa of Fabricius in chicks under heat stress
Zhong Chen
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology,
Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
Yong-Wei Zhou
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology,
Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
Chen Liang
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology,
Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
Ying-Ya Jiang
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology,
Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
Li-Jin Xie
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology,
Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
Related authors
Z. Chen, J. R. Zhang, Y. W. Zhou, C. Liang, and Y. Y. Jiang
Arch. Anim. Breed., 58, 373–378, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-373-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-373-2015, 2015
Z. Chen, J. R. Zhang, Y. W. Zhou, C. Liang, and Y. Y. Jiang
Arch. Anim. Breed., 58, 373–378, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-373-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-373-2015, 2015
Related subject area
Subject: Nutrition | Animal: Birds
Improved biological value of eggs due to the addition of pomegranate seed oil to laying-hen diets
Capsanthin supplementation modulates the immune response in broiler chickens under Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide challenge
Effects of dietary thyme and rosemary essential oils on performance parameters with lipid oxidation, water activity, pH, colour and microbial quality of breast and drumstick meats in broiler chickens
Growth performance, carcass yield and characteristics, meat quality, serum biochemistry, jejunal histomorphometry, oxidative stability of liver and breast muscle, and immune response of broiler chickens fed natural antioxidant alone or in combination with Bacillus licheniformis
Dietary strategies to alleviate high-stocking-density-induced stress in broiler chickens – a comprehensive review
Dietary supplementary glutamine and L-carnitine enhanced the anti-cold stress of Arbor Acres broilers
The effects of fermented milk products (kefir and yogurt) and probiotic on performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters, and gut microbial population in broiler chickens
Effect of a low-energy and enzyme-supplemented diet on broiler chicken growth, carcass traits and meat quality
The effect of polyphenols and vitamin E on the antioxidant status and meat quality of broiler chickens fed low-quality oil
Methionine supplementation improves reproductive performance, antioxidant status, immunity and maternal antibody transmission in breeder Japanese quail under heat stress conditions
The effect of herbal feed additive on the growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of broiler chickens fed low-energy diets
The effect of purslane hydroextract and zinc on performance, antioxidant capacity and immunity of broiler chickens during summer conditions
The effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the morphological and biomechanical characteristics of the tibiotarsus in broiler chickens
Effect of dietary supplementation with Rhizopus oryzae or Chrysonilia crassa on growth performance, blood profile, intestinal microbial population, and carcass traits in broilers exposed to heat stress
Effects of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) powder on growth performance, blood indices, and antioxidant status in broiler chickens with triiodothyronine-induced ascites
Effects of nanoencapsulated aloe vera, dill and nettle root extract as feed antibiotic substitutes in broiler chickens
Effects of mannan oligosaccharide and Curcuma xanthorrhiza essential oil on the intestinal morphologyand stress indicators of broilers subjected to cyclic heat stress
Effects of in-yolk-sac administration of carvacrol on cholesterol resorption from yolk residuals and physiological adaptive indicators in broiler chicks exposed to neonatal fasting
The effects of in ovo feeding of glutamine in broiler breeder eggs on hatchability, development of the gastrointestinal tract, growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens
The effect of different levels of diet total volatile nitrogen on performance, carcass characteristics and meat total volatile nitrogen in broiler chickens
Improving the fatty acid profile in egg yolk through the use of hempseed (Cannabis sativa), ginger (Zingiber officinale), and turmeric (Curcuma longa) in the diet of Hy-Line White Leghorns
Comparison of the effects of basil (Ocimum basilicum) essential oil, avilamycin and protexin on broiler performance, blood biochemistry and carcass characteristics
Heat shock protein 70 mRNA expression and immune response of heat-stressed finishing broilers fed propolis (bee glue) supplementation
Effects of dietary soybean and sunflower oils with and without L-carnitine supplementation on growth performance and blood biochemical parameters of broiler chicks
Acidic stress caused by dietary administration of citric acid in broiler chickens
Application of sumac and dried whey in female broiler feed
Effects of the level and duration of feeding restriction on carcass components of broilers
Şaziye Canan Bölükbaşı, Büşra Dumlu, and Aycan Mutlu Yağanoğlu
Arch. Anim. Breed., 66, 121–129, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-121-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-121-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The addition of 1 mL kg−1 pomegranate seed oil (PSO) to feeds improved performance. The addition of PSO had a positive effect on shelf life, and it increased punicic acid and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) levels without reducing egg quality.
Brigitta Csernus, Csaba Szabó, Renáta Knop, Reda Gebrehaweria Kidane, Sawadi Fransisco Ndunguru, Gabriella Gulyás, Xénia Erika Ozsváth, and Levente Czeglédi
Arch. Anim. Breed., 66, 103–111, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-103-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-103-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The application of antibiotics is being regulated continuously. Therefore, natural agents are being investigated that aim to strengthen the defense system of poultry. In our study, capsanthin was applied to investigate its effect on immune response under lipopolysaccharide immunization. Based on our results, capsanthin decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines at both mRNA and protein levels, which suggest the positive effects of capsanthin during inflammation in broiler chickens.
Recep Gumus and Sevda U. Gelen
Arch. Anim. Breed., 66, 17–29, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-17-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-17-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study was aimed at determining the effects of different doses of thyme essential oil (TEO) and rosemary essential oil (REO) incorporated into broiler rations on performance parameters, including body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion rate, as well as on the quality criteria of breast and drumstick meat. As a result, dietary supplementation with TEO and REO was determined to have a limited effect on performance parameters but to improve the microbial quality of meat.
Umair Ahsan, Shahram Golzar Adabi, Özge Sayın Özdemir, Ömer Sevim, Onur Tatlı, Eren Kuter, and Özcan Cengiz
Arch. Anim. Breed., 65, 183–197, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-65-183-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-65-183-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Phytogenics emerged as a substitute of in-feed antibiotics following the ban on their use at subtherapeutic levels in poultry diets. However, the effects of phytogenics have been uncertain in studies conducted so far. Combined use of phytogenics and probiotics may be effective in this regard. In a nutshell, this study shows that combined use of phytogenics and Bacillus licheniformis possess the potential to improve oxidative stability of breast meat and immune response of broiler chickens.
Sugiharto Sugiharto
Arch. Anim. Breed., 65, 21–36, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-65-21-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-65-21-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Stocking broilers at a high density has been a strategy to optimize the area of the cage. If the environment and rearing management are not properly managed, stocking broilers at a high density may, however, result in stressful conditions that are harmful for the production and health of broilers. To ameliorate these unfavourable effects of overcrowding stress, dietary interventions using probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, herbs, vitamins, etc. have been conducted.
Yang Liu, Yuying Yang, Ruizhi Yao, Yajie Hu, Peng Liu, Shuai Lian, Hongming Lv, Bin Xu, and Shize Li
Arch. Anim. Breed., 64, 231–243, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-64-231-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-64-231-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The purpose of our study was to investigate whether glutamine and L-carnitine could be used as anti-cold stress nutrients to alleviate the adverse effects of cold stress on newborn broilers. Broilers were respectively fed with different levels of glutamine and L-carnitine according to the L16 (45) orthogonal experimental design for 3 weeks. Their interaction occurred and improved the growth performance, nutritional status and cold stress response of broilers at low temperature.
Mohammad Ghasemi-Sadabadi, Yahya Ebrahimnezhad, Abdolahad Shaddel-Tili, Vahid Bannapour-Ghaffari, Hashem Kozehgari, and Mirmojtaba Didehvar
Arch. Anim. Breed., 62, 361–374, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-62-361-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-62-361-2019, 2019
Elsayed O. S. Hussein, Gamaleldin M. Suliman, Alaeldein M. Abudabos, Abdullah N. Alowaimer, Shamseldein H. Ahmed, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack, Mahmoud Alagawany, Ayman A. Swelum, Antonella Tinelli, Vincenzo Tufarelli, and Vito Laudadio
Arch. Anim. Breed., 62, 297–304, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-62-297-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-62-297-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This study evaluated the impact of a low metabolizable energy diet supplemented with a multienzyme blend on the growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of chickens. From findings, the low metabolizable energy supplemented with the enzyme complex did not influence most of performance parameters and carcass traits of chickens; however, adding enzymes to a low-energy diet is an effective strategy to improve the meat quality criteria and small intestine characteristics.
Magdalena Mazur-Kuśnirek, Zofia Antoszkiewicz, Krzysztof Lipiński, Joanna Kaliniewicz, and Sylwia Kotlarczyk
Arch. Anim. Breed., 62, 287–296, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-62-287-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-62-287-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Increased dietary inclusion levels of vitamin E and/or polyphenols improved the antioxidant status of broilers fed low-quality oil. Dietary supplementation with vitamin E and/or polyphenols improved meat quality by better colour, higher concentrations of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, hypocholesterolemic fatty acids and a lower atherogenicity index. Polyphenols combined with vitamin E can be a valuable component of diets for broiler chickens when the problem of low-quality oil occurs.
Omid Kalvandi, Amirali Sadeghi, and Ahmad Karimi
Arch. Anim. Breed., 62, 275–286, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-62-275-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-62-275-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Dietary supplementation with either 1.15, 1.30 or 1.45 times the Met requirements (as NRC recommendation) in breeder quails can alleviate the adverse effects of heat stress and improve the performance, reproduction, antioxidant status and immunity, as well as maternal antibody transmission. Supplementation of diet with 1.30 times the Met requirements could be used as a nutritional strategy in breeder quails for the alleviation of the adverse effects of heat stress.
Krzysztof Lipiński, Zofia Antoszkiewicz, Sylwia Kotlarczyk, Magdalena Mazur-Kuśnirek, Joanna Kaliniewicz, and Zbigniew Makowski
Arch. Anim. Breed., 62, 33–40, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-62-33-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-62-33-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Herbs and herbal feed additives are a valuable component in broiler chicken diets, affecting, e.g., health status, productivity and meat quality. In our study a herbal formula was applied in broiler chickens fed lower energy concentration diets. An interaction between experimental factors was not found, although a gainful effect on the productivity was noticed in broiler chickens fed diets with a herbal formula.
Rojin Kazemi, Ardashir Sheikhahmadi, and Ghorbanali Sadeghi
Arch. Anim. Breed., 61, 365–371, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-61-365-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-61-365-2018, 2018
Bayram Suzer, Ilker Arican, Derya Yesilbag, and Huseyin Yildiz
Arch. Anim. Breed., 60, 439–446, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-60-439-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-60-439-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This study focused on examining the effects of different levels of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on broiler tibiotarsus traits and the reduction of leg problems by identifying the pathological changes in the leg skeletal system. Yeast supplementation led to an improvement in the bone traits of broiler chickens. Therefore, the use of yeast as a feed supplement in broilers is considered an economic and convenient way of providing animal welfare and preventing commercial losses due to leg problems.
Sugiharto Sugiharto, Turrini Yudiarti, Isroli Isroli, Endang Widiastuti, and Fatan Dwi Putra
Arch. Anim. Breed., 60, 347–356, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-60-347-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-60-347-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Fungal supplementation especially with the fungus C. crassa could improve antioxidant status and physiological conditions of heat-stressed broilers. Such dietary supplementation may, therefore, be beneficial for ameliorating the adverse effects of heat stress in broiler chickens.
Mahmood Habibian, Ghorbanali Sadeghi, and Ahmad Karimi
Arch. Anim. Breed., 60, 315–325, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-60-315-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-60-315-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Ascites is a metabolic disorder in chickens. Hypoxemia and oxidative stress are specific characteristics in birds that develop ascites. We hypothesized that purslane, as one natural source of antioxidant and antihypoxic compounds, would attenuate the incidence and/or severity of T3-induced ascites in broilers. Supplementation of purslane powder to diet improved antioxidant status and attenuated the symptoms of ascites. However, it could not prevent the decrease in growth performance.
Amir Meimandipour, Ali Nouri Emamzadeh, and Ali Soleimani
Arch. Anim. Breed., 60, 1–7, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-60-1-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-60-1-2017, 2017
Seyed Mohammad Hosseini, Hasan Nazarizadeh, Saeede Ahani, and Masoume Vakili Azghandi
Arch. Anim. Breed., 59, 285–291, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-59-285-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-59-285-2016, 2016
Mir Hasan Beiranvand, Heshmatollah Khosravinia, Arash Azarfar, and Ezatollah Rafiei Alavai
Arch. Anim. Breed., 59, 249–257, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-59-249-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-59-249-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The results of this study revealed that in-yolk-sac administration of carvacrol, as the main phenolic monoterpen in Satureja khuzestanica, had no effect on the rate of cholesterol absorption from yolk sac residuals in neonate commercial broiler chicks. This finding suggests that the hypocholesterolemic activity of carvacrol in broiler chicks might be exerted through other mechanisms rather than reduced cholesterol absorption and deserves further investigation.
Mehdi Salmanzadeh, Yahya Ebrahimnezhad, Habib Aghdam Shahryar, and Jamshid Ghiasi Ghaleh-Kandi
Arch. Anim. Breed., 59, 235–242, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-59-235-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-59-235-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Effect of in ovo feeding of glutamine on hatchability, performance of broilers. Fertilized eggs were subjected to injections with glutamine (10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 mg dissolved in 0.5 mL of dionized water) on day 7 of incubation. These data suggest that the in ovo feeding of Glutamine may improve jejunum development, leading to an increased nutrient assimilation and consequently to greater performance in broiler chickens.
Farhad Fallah, Yahya Ebrahimnezhad, Naser Maheri-Sis, and Mohammad Ghasemi-Sadabadi
Arch. Anim. Breed., 59, 191–199, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-59-191-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-59-191-2016, 2016
Tausif Raza, Naila Chand, Rifat Ullah Khan, Muhammad Suhaib Shahid, and Alaeldein M. Abudabos
Arch. Anim. Breed., 59, 183–190, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-59-183-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-59-183-2016, 2016
S. R. Riyazi, Y. Ebrahimnezhad, S. A. Hosseini, A. Meimandipour, and A. Ghorbani
Arch. Anim. Breed., 58, 425–432, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-425-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-425-2015, 2015
S. M. Hosseini, M. Afshar, S. Ahani, and M. Vakili Azghandi
Arch. Anim. Breed., 58, 407–413, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-407-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-407-2015, 2015
S. M. A. Jalali, R. Rabiei, and F. Kheiri
Arch. Anim. Breed., 58, 387–394, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-387-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-387-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Dietary plant oil sources and supplementation with L-carnitine have interaction effects on the physiological response and growth performance of broiler chicks. Addition of L-carnitine to diets which contained soybean oil showed the best growth performance of chicks in comparison to sunflower oil mixes.
R. Nourmohammadi and H. Khosravinia
Arch. Anim. Breed., 58, 309–315, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-309-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-309-2015, 2015
F. Kheiri, Y. Rahimian, and J. Nasr
Arch. Anim. Breed., 58, 205–210, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-205-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-205-2015, 2015
H. Jahanpour, A. Seidavi, A. A. A. Qotbi, R. Van Den Hoven, S. Rocha e Silva, V. Laudadio, and V. Tufarelli
Arch. Anim. Breed., 58, 99–105, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-99-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-58-99-2015, 2015
Cited articles
Akihiro, T., Koike, S., Tani, R., Tominaga, T., Watanabe, S., Iijima, Y.,
Aoki, K., Shibata, D., Ashihara, H., Matsukura, C., Akama, K., Fujimuna, T.,
and Ezura, H.: Biochemical mechanism on GABA accumulation during fruit
development in tomato, Plant. Cell. Physiol., 49, 1378–1389, 2008.
Bartlett, J. R. and Smith, M. O.: Effects of different levels of zinc on the
performance and immunocompetence of broilers under heat stress, Poultry
Sci., 82, 1580–1588, 2003.
Chen, Z., Wang, T., Huang, L. M., and Fang, D. N.: Effects of GABA on the heat
stress broilers, Zool. Res., 23, 341–344, 2002 (in Chinese).
Chen, Z., Tang, J., Sun, Y. Q., and Xie, J.: Protective effect of γ-aminobutyric acid on antioxidation function in intestinal mucosa of
wenchang chicken induced by heat stress, J. Anim. Plant. Sci.,
23, 1634–1641, 2013.
Chen, Z., Xie, J., Wang, B., and Tang, J.: Effect of γ-aminobutyric
acid on digestive enzymes, absorption function, and immune function of
intestinal mucosa in heat-stressed chicken, Poultry Sci., 93,
2490–2500, 2014.
Chen, Z., Xie, J., Hu, M. Y., Tang, J., Shao, Z. F., and Li, M. H.: Protective
effects of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on the small intestinal mucosa
in heat-stressed Wenchang chicken, J. Anim. Plant. Sci., 25, 78–87, 2015.
Del Vesco, A. P. and Gasparino, E.: Production of reactive oxygen species
gene expression, and enzymatic activity in quail subjected to acute heat
stress, J. Anim. Sci., 91, 582–578, 2013.
Gao, Y. Y., Li, H. B., Jiang, Y. F., Lei, J. M., Pan, Y. F., Huang, J. W., and Ma,
Q. M.: Effects of CLA on layer immunity function under heat stress models – Part
II: changes of cell factor, hormone level, anti-oxidized ability, J. Northwest A&F
Univ., 34, 1–5, 2006 (in Chinese).
Glick, B.: The Bursa of Fabricius: the evolution of a discovery, Poultry
Sci., 73, 979–983, 1994.
Hu, H., Bai, X., Shah, A. A., Wen, A. Y., Hua, J. L., Che, C. Y., He, S. J.,
Jiang, J. P., Cai, Z. H., and Dai, S. F.: Dietary supplementation with
glutamine and γ-aminobutyric acid improves growth performance and
serum parameters in 22- to 35-day-old broilers exposed to hot environment,
J. Anim. Phys. Anim. Nut., https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.12346, online first, 2015.
Johnson, R. W.: Inhibition of Growth by Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines: An
Integrated View, J. Anim. Sci., 75, 1244–1255, 1997.
Khar, A., Kumari, A. L., Pardhasaradhi, B. W., Varalakshmi, C., and Rangaraj,
N.: Heat stress induced apoptosis in BC-8 cells derived from AK-5 tumor
involves down regulation of Bcl-2 and generation of reactive oxygen species,
India J. Exp. Bio., 44, 802–808, 2006.
Leventhal, A. G., Wang, Y., Pu, M., Zhou, Y. F., and Ma, Y. Y.: GABA and its
agonists improved visual cortical function in senescent monkeys, Science,
300, 812–815, 2003.
Liu, S. D., Ning, Z. Y., Tan, X., and Wang, S. Y.: The effect of heat-stress on
the immune system of Broiler, Chinese J. Vet. Sci., 23, 281–283, 2003 (in
Chinese).
Mashaly, M. M., Hendricks, G. L., Kalama, M. A., Gehad, A. E., Abbas, A. O.,
and Patterson, P. H.: Effect of heat stress on production parameters and
immune responses of commercial laying hens, Poultry Sci., 83, 889–894, 2004.
Mombereau, C., Kaupmann, K., Froestl, W., Sansiq, G., van der Putten, H.,
and Cryan, J. F.: Genetic and pharmacological evidence of a role for GABA(B)
receptors in the modulation of anxiety-and antidepressant-like behavior,
Neuropsychopharmacology, 29, 1050–1062, 2004.
Mujahid, A., Yoshiki, Y., Akiba, Y., and Toyomizu, M.: Superoxide radical
production in chicken skeletal muscle induced by acute heat stress, Poultry
Sci., 84, 307–314, 2005.
Ning, Z. Y., Liu, S. D., Zhao, D. M., Hao, J. F., Yang, J. M., and Qin, X. H.:
Observations on Ultra Structure and Assaying Apoptotic Cells of Thymus and
Bursa of Fabricius in the Experimental Heat-Stressed Broilers, Chinese J.
Anim. Vet. Sci., 35, 310–313, 2004 (in Chinese).
Niu, Z. Y., Liu, F. Z., Yan, Q. L., and Li, W. C.: Effects of different levels
of vitamin E on growth performance and immune responses of broilers under
heat stress, Poultry Sci., 88, 2101–2107, 2009.
Oznurlu, Y., Celik, I., Telatar, T., and Sur, E.: Histochemical and
histological evaluations of the effects of high incubation temperature on
embryonic development of thymus and bursa of Fabricius in broiler chickens,
British poultry sci., 51, 43–51, 2010.
Ramnath, V., Rekha, P. S., and Sujatha, K. S.: Amelioration of heat stress
induced disturbances of antioxidant defense system in chicken by Brahma
Rasayana, Evidence-Based Compl. Alt. Med., 5, 77–84, 2008.
Santin, E., Maiorka, A., Polveiro, W. J. C., Paulillo, A. C., Laurentiz, A. C.,
Borges, S. A., and da Silva, A. F.: Effect of environmental temperature
on immune response of broilers, J. App. Poultry Res., 12, 247–250, 2003.
Schijins, O., Karaca, Ü., Andrade, P., Nijs, L., Küsters, B.,
Peeters, A., Dings, J., Pannek, H., Ebner, A., Rijkers, K., and Hoogland,
G.: Hippocampal GABA transporter distribution in patients with temporal lobe
epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis, J. Chem. Neuroanatomy, 68, 39–44, 2015.
Sherwood, S. C. and Huber, M.: An adaptability limit to climate change due
to heat stress, PNAS, 107, 9552–9555, 2010.
Starrs, A. P., Orgeig, S., Daniels, C. B., Davies, M., and Lopatko, O. V.:
Antioxidant enzymes in the developing lungs of egg-laying and
metamorphosing vertebrates, J. Exp. Bio., 204, 3973–3981, 2001.
Tang, J. and Chen, Z.: The protective effect of γ-aminobutyric acid
on the development of immune function in chickens under heat stress, J.
Anim. Phys. Anim. Nut., https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.12385, online first, 2015.
Tarek, K., Mohamed, M., Hassina, B., and Messaouda, I.: Histological Study
of the Bursa of Fabricius of Broiler Chickens During Heat Stress, Int. J.
Poultry Sci., 12, 377–378, 2013.
Wang, L., Piao, X. L., Kim, S. W., Piao, X. S., Shen, Y. B., and Lee, H. S.:
Effects of Forsythia suspense extract on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and
antioxidant activities in Broiler Chickens under high ambient temperature,
Poultry Sci., 87, 1287–1294, 2008.
Webel, D. M., Finck, B. N., Baker, D. H., and Johnson, R. W.: Time course of
increased plasma cytokines, cortisol, and urea nitrogen in pigs following
intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide, J. Anim. Sci.,
75, 1514–1520, 1997.
Zhang, H. M., Hunt, H. D., Kulkarni, G. B., Palmquist, D. E., and Bacon, L. D.:
Lymphoid Organ Size Varies Among Inbred Lines 63 and 72 and
Their Thirteen Recombinant Congenic Strains of Chickens with the Same Major
Histocompatibility Complex, Poultry Sci., 85, 844–853, 2006.
Zhou, L. L., Tao, Z. R., Zhang, C., Li, G. Q., Shen, J. D., Ren, J. D., Shi, F. X.,
and Lu, L. Z.: Effects of Acute Heat Stress on the Expression Levels of HSP70
Gene in Duck Spleens, Gen. Breeding, 46, 6–9, 2010.
Zhou, Y. W., Cai, T., Zou, H. J., and Chen, Z.: Study on Weight, Visceral
Organs Development and Heart Rate Variation in Male Wenchang chicks, J. Dom.
Anim. Eco., 36, 39–43, 2015 (in Chinese).
Zulkifli, I., Norma, M. C., Israf, D. A., and Omar, A. R.: The effect of
early age feed restriction on subsequent response to high environmental
temperatures in female broiler chickens, Poultry Sci., 79, 1401–1407, 2000.
