Good reproductive rates presented by the sheep show satisfactory reproductive activity during the two seasons, characterizing good adaptation to the region. The dry season seems to be a season that requires provision of an alternative feed in this critical period, which is characterized by the scarcity of rain and thus the dryness of the pastures.

In sheep production, the body condition score has the potential to be a useful management tool for producers to lift animal performance especially during pregnancy and lactation. In the present study, it was shown that the ewe’s body condition score at lambing had no effect on lamb birth weight. However, the lamb growth rate and their weight at 30 and 70 days were higher for offspring of ewes with middle and high BCS.

Sequencing of the GDF9 gene in 16 twin-birth, 4 triplet-birth, and 2 infertile ewes from Iranian sheep with verified segregation of G2–6 mutations, as well as a new G0 mutation, C25T, which causes L9F substitution in the signal peptide region. None of the triplet-birth or infertile ewes carried the G1, G4, G7, FecGE, G8, or FecGT mutations. In addition, using a large dataset comprised of 605 individuals showed a significant difference in the abundance of G1 and G4 mutations between breeds.