Increasing genetic resistance to gastrointestinal parasite infections in sheep would limit the use of drugs and the emergence of resistant parasites. However, this is a very complex trait. The identification of genomic areas associated with the trait is hindered by genotype–environment interactions. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain information from non-cosmopolitan sheep populations. Here, the West African Djallonké sheep genomic profile is analyzed to contribute to solve this gap.

The present study aimed at characterizing genetic diversity and relationship of 3 Niger cattle breeds (Zebu Arabe, Zebu Bororo and Kuri). High levels of allelic and gene diversity were observed while genetic differentiation was low. High genetic diversity and poor genetic structure might be due to historic zebu–taurine admixture and ongoing breeding practices in the region. The result of this study will help formulate effective strategies for conservation and improvement of Niger cattle breeds.

The long-horned Fulani zebu, spread all over the Sahel area, is one of the main cattle groups in Africa. Despite their importance, characterisation of these cattle is poorly developed. The current research illustrated a lack of differentiation among local populations of this cattle group at the body measurements level. Conservation or selection initiatives could be implemented at a cross-boundary level.