We studied the impact of the COVID-19 restrictive measures on the extensive farming system of small ruminants. We found that the breeders’ daily work routine was negatively affected in holdings with a high number of sheep. The majority of breeders did not change the movements of the animals in pastures, the amount of the given feedstuffs, the hygienic conditions on the farms, or the employed workers. A decrease in demand for animal products and a decrease in their prices were observed.

Proximity of water buffaloes in their activities on pasture (grazing, moving, standing, ruminating, wallowing, lying, and drinking) and the effect of their age and gender on them was studied via social network analysis. Water buffaloes differentiate their social structure in the above activities and their age and gender affect the interacting patterns. A novel framework for the application of social network analysis on grazing animals' social behavioral studies was provided for future research.

Interannual and monthly variations of herbage production and nutritive value regarding the needs and welfare of grazing ruminants were evaluated in three grasslands located at different altitudes in northern Greece. The sub-alpine grassland was the most productive, with the highest mean annual CP content. Herbage Ca content was sufficient for the animals’ needs, while protein and phosphorus supplementation should be provided in order to cover their requirements and reach high levels of welfare.